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Obestatin（人）是一种内源性肽，来源于与生长素释放肽相同的前肽原。Obestatin（人）抑制大鼠的食物摄入并减少体重增加。

Obestatin(human) is an endogenous peptide derived from the same prepropeptide as ghrelin. Obestatin(human) suppresses food intake and reduce body weight-gain in rats.

Obestatin是一种23个氨基酸的胃肠肽，由生长素释放肽基因编码，已知通过抑制食欲来减少食物摄入。已发现该肽影响胰腺，心血管系统和脂肪组织以及胃肠系统。一项研究表明，当高脂饮食喂养的大鼠长期服用obestatin时，它可以防止非酒精性脂肪肝的发展。因此，Obestatin有可能用于预防肥胖相关疾病。

Obestatin is a 23 amino acid gastrointestinal peptide, encoded for by the ghrelin gene and is known to reduce food intake through supressing appetite. This peptide has been found to influence the pancreas, cardiovascular system and adipose tissues as well as the gastrointestinal system. One study showed that when high-fat diet fed rats were given chronic administration of obestatin it prevented the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Consequently Obestatin has the potential to be used in preventing obesity-related diseases.

Obestatin是一种肽激素产品，它是由编码生长素释放肽的同一基因产生的，生长素释放肽是另一种参与调节食欲和能量平衡的肽类激素。然而，据信obestatin实际上是一种食物摄入抑制剂，可以减少啮齿动物的体重增加。它也可能是GPR3的潜在配体。然而，它对食欲和能量平衡的影响需要进一步了解，因为一些研究表明，人类obestatin可能对食欲和能量平衡没有显着影响，而另一些研究报道了其在调节葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素分泌中的潜在作用。

Obestatin is a peptide hormone product , It is produced by the same gene that encodes ghrelin another peptide hormone involved in regulating appetite and energy balance. It is believed however that obestatin is in fact a food intake suppressor and may reduce body weight gain in rodents. It also may be a potential ligand for GPR3. However its effects on appetite and energy balance need to be further understood as some studies have suggested that human obestatin may not have significant effects on appetite and energy balance, while others have reported potential roles in regulating glucose metabolism and insulin secretion.

食物摄入和胃排空抑制剂

Suppressor of Food Intake and Gastric Emptying

多肽H2N-Phe-Asn-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys-Leu-Ser-Gly-Val-Gln-Tyr-Gln-Gln-His-Ser-Gln-Ala-Leu-NH2的合成步骤：

1、合成MBHA树脂：取若干克的MBHA树脂（如初始取代度为0.5mmol/g）和1倍树脂摩尔量的Fmoc-Linker-OH加入到反应器中，加入DMF，搅拌使氨基酸完全溶解。再加入树脂2倍量的DIEPA，搅拌混合均匀。再加入树脂0.95倍量的HBTU，搅拌混合均匀。反应3-4小时后，用DMF洗涤3次。用2倍树脂体积的10%乙酸酐/DMF 进行封端30分钟。然后再用DMF洗涤3次，甲醇洗涤2次，DCM洗涤2次，再用甲醇洗涤2次。真空干燥12小时以上，得到干燥的树脂{Fmoc-Linker-MHBA Resin}，测定取代度。这里测得取代度为 0.3mmol/g。结构如下图：

2、脱Fmoc：取2.47g的上述树脂，用DCM或DMF溶胀20分钟。用DMF洗涤2遍。加3倍树脂体积的20%Pip/DMF溶液，鼓氮气30分钟，然后2倍树脂体积的DMF 洗涤5次。得到 H2N-Linker-MBHA Resin 。（此步骤脱除Fmoc基团，茚三酮检测为蓝色，Pip为哌啶）。结构图如下：

3、缩合：取2.22mmol Fmoc-Leu-OH 氨基酸，加入到上述树脂里，加适当DMF溶解氨基酸，再依次加入4.45mmol DIPEA，2.11mmol HBTU。反应30分钟后，取小样洗涤，茚三酮检测为无色。用2倍树脂体积的DMF 洗涤3次树脂。（洗涤树脂，去掉残留溶剂，为下一步反应做准备）。得到Fmoc-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin。氨基酸：DIPEA：HBTU：树脂=3：6：2.85：1（摩尔比）。结构图如下：

4、依次循环步骤二、步骤三，依次得到

H2N-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Pro-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Pro-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Asn(Trt)-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

H2N-Asn(Trt)-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

Fmoc-Phe-Asn(Trt)-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin

以上中间结构，均可在专肽生物多肽计算器-多肽结构计算器中，一键画出。

最后再经过步骤二得到 H2N-Phe-Asn(Trt)-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp(OtBu)-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys(Boc)-Leu-Ser(tBu)-Gly-Val-Gln(Trt)-Tyr(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Gln(Trt)-His(Trt)-Ser(tBu)-Gln(Trt)-Ala-Leu-Linker-MBHA Resin，结构如下：

5、切割：6倍树脂体积的切割液（或每1g树脂加8ml左右的切割液），摇床摇晃 2小时，过滤掉树脂，用冰无水乙醚沉淀滤液，并用冰无水乙醚洗涤沉淀物3次，最后将沉淀物放真空干燥釜中，常温干燥24小试，得到粗品H2N-Phe-Asn-Ala-Pro-Phe-Asp-Val-Gly-Ile-Lys-Leu-Ser-Gly-Val-Gln-Tyr-Gln-Gln-His-Ser-Gln-Ala-Leu-NH2。结构图见产品结构图。

切割液选择：1）TFA：H2O=95%：5%

2）TFA：H2O：TIS=95%：2.5%：2.5%

3）三氟乙酸：茴香硫醚：1，2-乙二硫醇：苯酚：水=87.5%：5%：2.5%：2.5%：2.5%

（前两种适合没有容易氧化的氨基酸，例如Trp、Cys、Met。第三种适合几乎所有的序列。）

6、纯化冻干：使用液相色谱纯化，收集目标峰液体，进行冻干，获得蓬松的粉末状固体多肽。不过这时要取小样复测下纯度 是否目标纯度。

7、最后总结：

杭州专肽生物技术有限公司（ALLPEPTIDE https://www.allpeptide.com）主营定制多肽合成业务，提供各类长肽，短肽，环肽，提供各类修饰肽，如：荧光标记修饰（CY3、CY5、CY5.5、CY7、FAM、FITC、Rhodamine B、TAMRA等），功能基团修饰肽（叠氮、炔基、DBCO、DOTA、NOTA等），同位素标记肽（N15、C13），订书肽（Stapled Peptide）,脂肪酸修饰肽（Pal、Myr、Ste），磷酸化修饰肽（P-Ser、P-Thr、P-Tyr），环肽（酰胺键环肽、一对或者多对二硫键环），生物素标记肽，PEG修饰肽，甲基化修饰肽等。

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